Course Module - BAFI101 Practical Screen-craft Lecture - Stu Bailey
Lighting Techniques
Cinematography - Painting with Light
How you light the film (example for film - 1992 Visions of Light)
What is meant by the word Cinematographer
- Visual storyteller - Speak through light and shadows light
- Absence of light (used as a form of expression) People think of light as being given a paintbrush or paint, you can experiment with light through movement, using a variety of techniques to achieve lots of effects i.e. shadow, reflections, defusing light patterns etc.
- Defining light with space
- You have to have a desire and drive for cinematography. Help you become more creative in the process of creating films, portray a narrative.
Within the credits of a film, TV broadcast, the role for the person in-charge of the lighting can be known as a cinematographer. Other names for the role - Director of photography, whereas in TV broadcast they can be known as lighting cameraman.
Duct Tape - Sticky, can do the job but it leaves a lot of mess, marks and it is not easy to get off.
Gaffa - won't get sticky, useful in building sets or tapping down leads.
Make sure that when using the lighting equipment, you check the barn doors, leads and any other accessories to make sure that their are no tears, dents, or to make sure that the end of the plugs aren't loose.
Check the pat test (Portable Appliance Test) - Test to make sure the equipment is safe - Presented by a label (Green for us).
Check the pat test (Portable Appliance Test) - Test to make sure the equipment is safe - Presented by a label (Green for us).
When turning the lights on, other than checking the wires, make sure that before you hit the switch, the light switch is off and the light is facing away from yourself and others, if not it could blind someone.
Be sure to use suitable resistant filters and gels i.e. the lights can get very hot quickly, could melt the incorrect gel and stick on the barn doors or light, substance sticking.
OHM's Law
(W) Power = (I) Current x (V) Voltage - To find out the amps (Current) we need to do (W) Power ÷ (V) Voltage = (I) Current.
High and Low key lighting
High Key - Used for happy, generic fairs, rom coms, soaps, sitcoms, lighting not used in creative ways, simple adjustments made.
Low Key - Effect to create moods, used to make the films more interesting, add a mood to the film, horror films, film noir (white and black).
Contrast of lighting - Alfred Hitchcock - Well known for Physcho (Film).
People perceive light in different ways, use light and dark scenes for mood change, shift within the film from shot to shot.
Hard and Soft light - Hard shadows, soft light defused, less shadows.
Point source - Use reflectors, soft box - Increasing the point source will make the light a lot softer.
Tungsten - Type of light - Colour temperature which is measured in Degrees Kelvin.
Snoot's - Used to direct light to a specific area
Scrims - Used for defusing
Dedo Light - 2 Tungsten presets on the controller
Think about the noise of the fan in the lights, could it be picked up on sound recorders.
LED Lights - Much more flexible
Z96 - high input
Best light source is the sun, using all of the above you have the option to use the natural light from the sun as a backdrop or lighting for a particular scene, you can reflect, bounce or defuse the hardness of the light using all of the above.
Have a look at VideoMaker.com
References
Visions of light (1992) Directed by Arnold Glassman, Todd McCarthy and Stuart Samuels [Film]. USA: Kino International
Psycho (1960) Directed by Alfred Hitchcock [Film]. USA: Paramount Pictures
Be sure to use suitable resistant filters and gels i.e. the lights can get very hot quickly, could melt the incorrect gel and stick on the barn doors or light, substance sticking.
OHM's Law
(W) Power = (I) Current x (V) Voltage - To find out the amps (Current) we need to do (W) Power ÷ (V) Voltage = (I) Current.
High and Low key lighting
High Key - Used for happy, generic fairs, rom coms, soaps, sitcoms, lighting not used in creative ways, simple adjustments made.
Low Key - Effect to create moods, used to make the films more interesting, add a mood to the film, horror films, film noir (white and black).
Contrast of lighting - Alfred Hitchcock - Well known for Physcho (Film).
People perceive light in different ways, use light and dark scenes for mood change, shift within the film from shot to shot.
Hard and Soft light - Hard shadows, soft light defused, less shadows.
Point source - Use reflectors, soft box - Increasing the point source will make the light a lot softer.
Tungsten - Type of light - Colour temperature which is measured in Degrees Kelvin.
Snoot's - Used to direct light to a specific area
Scrims - Used for defusing
Dedo Light - 2 Tungsten presets on the controller
Think about the noise of the fan in the lights, could it be picked up on sound recorders.
LED Lights - Much more flexible
Z96 - high input
Best light source is the sun, using all of the above you have the option to use the natural light from the sun as a backdrop or lighting for a particular scene, you can reflect, bounce or defuse the hardness of the light using all of the above.
Have a look at VideoMaker.com
References
Visions of light (1992) Directed by Arnold Glassman, Todd McCarthy and Stuart Samuels [Film]. USA: Kino International
Psycho (1960) Directed by Alfred Hitchcock [Film]. USA: Paramount Pictures
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